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Hebrews 12: If You Are Without Discipline, Then You Are Illegitimate Children And Not Sons

Hebrews Chapter 12 continues the encouragement of Chapter 11, urging believers to run the race of faith with perseverance.

It discusses the necessary discipline involved in spiritual growth.

It contrasts the terrifying revelation of God, at Mount Sinai, with that of the gracious approach at the heavenly Mount Zion.

The chapter concludes with a warning about refusing God's message, and it exhorts believers to show gratitude, and acceptable worship.

Bible Study/Commentary

Verses 1-3: The Race of Faith

The author encourages believers to run the race of faith with endurance, using the metaphor of a long-distance race.

Believers are urged to lay aside every weight, and sin that so easily besets us, and instead to look to Jesus.

The author describes Jesus as the founder and perfecter of our faith.

Hes says, that because of the joy set before Him, Jesus endured the shame of the cross, and is now seated at the right hand of God.

Believers are encouraged to consider Jesus, so that they will not grow weary, or lose heart.

Verses 4-13: The Lord's Discipline

This section discusses the experience of discipline as a sign of God's love and as a part of spiritual growth.

The author encourages the believers to endure hardship as discipline, citing Proverbs 3:11-12.

The hardship believers endure, is compared to a father, disciplining his son.

The aim of this discipline, is the peaceful fruit of righteousness, to those who have been trained by it.

Verses 14-17: A Warning, against Rejecting God's Grace

The author warns against falling short, of God's grace, so that no root of bitterness might spring up, that could defile many.

He warns us to flee immorality, and uses the example of Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal.

It is emphasized that Esau's decision had severe, and irreversible consequences.

Verses 18-29: A Kingdom that Cannot Be Shaken

The author compares the terrifying scene of Mount Sinai, with the gracious approach to the heavenly Mount Zion, which is the city of the living God.

This section ends with a warning about refusing the one who speaks from heaven.

He gives an exhortation to believers to be thankful, and to have acceptable worship with reverence and awe.

He says that our God is a consuming fire.

Overall Summary

Hebrews Chapter 12 provides practical application and encouragement, for running the race that is before us, with perseverance.

It illustrates how faith is lived out in the context of discipline, endurance, and the pursuit of peace and holiness.

The chapter contrasts the old and new covenants by comparing Mount Sinai and Mount Zion, emphasizing the privilege and responsibility of living under the New Covenant.

The chapter concludes with a strong reminder of God's unshakeable kingdom, and His character as a consuming fire, urging believers to show gratitude and reverence.

Hebrews 12

Jesus, Founder and Perfecter of Our Faith

12 Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.

Do Not Grow Weary

Consider him who endured from sinners such hostility against himself, so that you may not grow weary or fainthearted. In your struggle against sin you have not yet resisted to the point of shedding your blood. And have you forgotten the exhortation that addresses you as sons?

“My son, do not regard lightly the discipline of the Lord,
    nor be weary when reproved by him.
For the Lord disciplines the one he loves,
    and chastises every son whom he receives.”

It is for discipline that you have to endure. God is treating you as sons. For what son is there whom his father does not discipline? If you are left without discipline, in which all have participated, then you are illegitimate children and not sons. Besides this, we have had earthly fathers who disciplined us and we respected them. Shall we not much more be subject to the Father of spirits and live? 10 For they disciplined us for a short time as it seemed best to them, but he disciplines us for our good, that we may share his holiness. 11 For the moment all discipline seems painful rather than pleasant, but later it yields the peaceful fruit of righteousness to those who have been trained by it.

12 Therefore lift your drooping hands and strengthen your weak knees, 13 and make straight paths for your feet, so that what is lame may not be put out of joint but rather be healed. 14 Strive for peace with everyone, and for the holiness without which no one will see the Lord. 15 See to it that no one fails to obtain the grace of God; that no “root of bitterness” springs up and causes trouble, and by it many become defiled; 16 that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal. 17 For you know that afterward, when he desired to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no chance to repent, though he sought it with tears.

A Kingdom That Cannot Be Shaken

18 For you have not come to what may be touched, a blazing fire and darkness and gloom and a tempest 19 and the sound of a trumpet and a voice whose words made the hearers beg that no further messages be spoken to them. 20 For they could not endure the order that was given, “If even a beast touches the mountain, it shall be stoned.” 21 Indeed, so terrifying was the sight that Moses said, “I tremble with fear.” 22 But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering, 23 and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect, 24 and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel.

25 See that you do not refuse him who is speaking. For if they did not escape when they refused him who warned them on earth, much less will we escape if we reject him who warns from heaven. 26 At that time his voice shook the earth, but now he has promised, “Yet once more I will shake not only the earth but also the heavens.” 27 This phrase, “Yet once more,” indicates the removal of things that are shaken—that is, things that have been made—in order that the things that cannot be shaken may remain. 28 Therefore let us be grateful for receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, and thus let us offer to God acceptable worship, with reverence and awe, 29 for our God is a consuming fire.

Q & A

Hebrews 12:1-2
Q1: What metaphor does the author use to encourage believers to live their faith? To whom should believers look while running the race of faith, and how is Jesus described in this context?
A1: The author uses the metaphor of a race, urging believers to lay aside every weight and sin. Believers should look to Jesus, described as the founder and perfecter of faith, who endured the cross for the joy set before Him and is now seated at the right hand of God. 

Hebrews 12:3-11
Q2: Why does the author encourage believers to consider Jesus' endurance against hostility? What is the purpose of God's discipline, and how is it compared to the discipline of earthly fathers?
A2: Believers are encouraged to consider Jesus' endurance against hostility to avoid growing weary. God's discipline is for endurance and holiness, similar to earthly fathers' discipline. It signifies God's love, and if believers lack it, they are not true sons. God's discipline leads to the peaceful fruit of righteousness. 

Hebrews 12:12-17
Q3: What exhortations does the author give regarding believers' response to discipline and their conduct? How is Esau's example used to caution against missing God's blessings?
A3: Believers are exhorted to lift their drooping hands, strengthen weak knees, make straight paths, strive for peace and holiness. Esau's example is used to caution against being sexually immoral and unholy, like one who sold his birthright for a single meal and missed the blessing despite seeking it with tears. 

Hebrews 12:18-29
Q4: How does the author contrast the experiences of believers with the Old Covenant and the New Covenant? What is the significance of Mount Zion and the heavenly Jerusalem? Why should believers be grateful and offer acceptable worship?
A4: The Old Covenant was marked by fear and trembling, but believers under the New Covenant have come to Mount Zion and the heavenly Jerusalem, experiencing a kingdom that cannot be shaken. Believers should be grateful and offer acceptable worship to God, recognizing His consuming fire and the promise of an unshakable kingdom.